Quando falamos em computação em nuvem, é comum fazer analogias com as nuvens do céu — em vez de carregarem água, elas carregam dados. Podemos usar analogias de transporte para falar sobre os diferentes modelos de serviço de nuvem que você pode escolher. Em nosso negócio, transportamos dados, mas a lógica funciona de forma muito semelhante ao transporte de pessoas.
Para começar, você deve saber que existem três tipos principais de nuvem, e cada um é projetado para um propósito específico. Escolher o modelo de nuvem errado significa ou pagar demais por capacidade que você não utiliza, ou prender dados sensíveis em uma infraestrutura que não consegue escalar.
Migrar para a nuvem é um desafio, especialmente na América Latina. Neste artigo, vamos detalhar nuvem pública vs nuvem privada vs nuvem híbrida para que você possa encontrar o melhor *deployment* de nuvem para o seu projeto.
Os Tipos e Diferenças Chave dos Modelos de Computação em Nuvem
Com base no modelo de *deployment*, existem três tipos de nuvem: nuvem pública, nuvem privada e nuvem híbrida. Saiba quais são as diferenças cruciais que tornam cada modelo de computação em nuvem distinto e qual se adequa às operações do seu negócio.
| Aspecto | Nuvem Pública | Nuvem Privada | Nuvem Híbrida |
|---|
| Propriedade da infraestrutura | Possuída e gerenciada por um provedor terceirizado (ex: AWS, Azure, GCP) | Propriedade/gerenciamento por uma única organização, seja localmente ou em hardware dedicado de terceiros | Combinação de infraestrutura privada e pública |
| Compartilhamento de recursos | Ambiente multi-inquilino compartilhado (contas isoladas em infraestrutura física compartilhada) | Recursos dedicados e exclusivos para uma única organização | Misto — algumas cargas de trabalho compartilhadas, outras dedicadas |
| Custo | Preços mais baixos, pagando conforme o uso | Investimento inicial mais alto (hardware, software, pessoal) | Pode compartilhar alguns custos de infraestrutura enquanto mantém capacidade dedicada em outro local |
| Controle e personalização | Limitado às configurações que o provedor permite | Controle total sobre a infraestrutura e a política de segurança | Controle total sobre a porção privada; menor sobre a porção pública |
| Mais adequado para | Acesso sob demanda, escalabilidade, cargas de trabalho gerais sem posse de hardware | Dados regulamentados/sensíveis e necessidades rígidas de compliance | Organizações que desejam manter dados sensíveis privados, ganhando flexibilidade de nuvem pública |
| Escalabilidade | Rápido e confiável, distribuído em múltiplos data centers | Pode se tornar obsoleto sem manutenção contínua | Pode se estender para a nuvem quando o crescimento local estiver limitado |
| Continuidade de Negócios | Confiável devido à infraestrutura distribuída | Depende da configuração da própria organização | Suporta failover entre ambientes para recuperação de desastres |
| Analogia utilizada no artigo | Transporte público (ônibus/trem) | Possuir seu próprio carro | Uber (uso exclusivo temporário) |
| Usuários típicos | Indivíduos e empresas que precisam de recursos compartilhados flexíveis (ex: Gmail, Google Drive) | Empresas com dados regulamentados | Órgãos governamentais e empresas que equilibram privacidade e flexibilidade |
Cada modelo altera quem gerencia a infraestrutura, como você paga pelos serviços de computação e quanto controle você tem sobre os recursos de TI. Alguns modelos oferecem acesso sob demanda à capacidade compartilhada; outros fornecem infraestrutura dedicada e isolada que você gerencia.
1) Cloud Pública
Em resumo:
- Infraestrutura de propriedade e gerenciamento de um provedor terceirizado (AWS, Azure, GCP)
- Múltiplas organizações compartilham hardware físico, mas contas/dados permanecem isolados
- Acesso pela internet — não é necessário possuir hardware
- Custo mais baixo, preços de pagamento conforme o uso (pay-as-you-go)
- Fácil de escalar, distribuído em múltiplos data centers
- Avoids vendor lock-in since capacity can be resized or migrated easily
- Examples: Gmail, Outlook, Google Drive
As the name suggests, public cloud is a shared system where a cloud service provider owns the physical infrastructure, and any internet user can access it over the public internet.
Inside a public cloud provider’s infrastructure, the data storage of all users sits on the same physical infrastructure, but each account is kept in an isolated environment. Multiple organizations share the available computing resources, while operating systems and data stay separated between accounts.
Access to public cloud services is usually through the internet, so any person or company can reach shared resources with nothing more than an internet connection. Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform are widely known public cloud providers that work this way. Closer to everyday use, Gmail and Outlook are public cloud services too — your inbox lives on shared servers, but only you can open it.
Google Drive is another public cloud service, used for data storage of documents, spreadsheets, and other files online. Public cloud computing resources like these are attractive because multiple users get on-demand access without owning any physical hardware, since the underlying infrastructure is entirely managed by the provider.
Public cloud doesn’t mean unprotected. Even though you share computing resources with other public cloud users, the space you use to store your customer’s data is secured, and no other user has access to it. Organizations can also customize privacy settings within the parameters the cloud provider manages.
Public cloud infrastructure is typically spread across multiple data centers, which is part of why public cloud environments tend to be reliable and fast to scale. Public cloud deployments also avoid the vendor lock-in risk some teams worry about with a single dedicated cloud vendor, since capacity can often be resized or migrated on demand.
Think of public cloud as public transportation, where you pay a lower price and share the vehicle with other users — a bus or train, instead of a private car or taxi. You can see EdgeUno’s public cloud services Para exemplo de uma plataforma cloud completa com preços transparentes, pagamento conforme o uso e sem contratos.
2) Private Cloud
Em resumo:
- Infraestrutura dedicada reservada exclusivamente para uma organização
- Pode ser local (on-premises) ou hospedado por terceiros em hardware não compartilhado
- Controle total sobre customização, segurança e conformidade
- Custo inicial mais alto — exige hardware, software e equipe especializada
- Requer manutenção contínua ou pode se tornar obsoleto
- Ideal para dados sensíveis ou requisitos regulatórios rigorosos
Em contraste com a public cloud, a private cloud é um serviço exclusivo, geralmente com custo mais elevado. Com uma configuração de private cloud, você não compartilha recursos de computação com outros usuários — a infraestrutura e os recursos dedicados são reservados exclusivamente para você.
Uma única organização opera uma private cloud, o que permite um deployment cloud mais flexível com serviços de computação corporativos e segurança aprimorada. Ambientes de private cloud dão a você controle total sobre a customização, o que é crucial ao manusear dados sensíveis ou requisitos de conformidade rigorosos.
Private cloud infrastructure can be built on-premises in your own data center or hosted by a third-party service provider on dedicated physical hardware that isn’t shared with anyone else. Either way, you — not a public cloud provider — manage infrastructure, from operating systems to security policy.
That control comes at a cost. Private cloud deployments require a bigger upfront investment in physical infrastructure, software, and skilled engineering staff, and private cloud infrastructure can become outdated over time without ongoing maintenance from your own team or a third-party provider.
Private cloud services suit businesses and private cloud users that need an isolated environment for regulated data, rather than the shared, multi-tenant setting of public cloud. In a private cloud setting, some teams manage everything in-house; others lean on third-party providers to run the hardware while keeping the environment dedicated.
Continuing the transportation analogy, private cloud is like owning your car — every seat and every component is there for you alone, and nobody else touches it.
3) Hybrid Cloud
In Summary
- Combines private and public cloud to balance control and flexibility
- Sensitive data can stay private while other workloads use public cloud
- Helps cut costs by sharing some infrastructure where it makes sense
- Useful when on-premises growth hits a limit — can extend into the cloud
- Supports business continuity/disaster recovery through failover between environments
- Requires more security planning since data moves between environments
- Common among government organizations balancing privacy and public access
Organizations use hybrid cloud to describe a service that mixes the capabilities of private and public cloud, building a stronger solution by combining the best of both.
In other words, with a hybrid cloud environment, you can keep certain services in a private cloud while letting a public cloud handle other data, or interact more easily with customers and other organizations. This way, you get the benefits of both cloud models and can share some infrastructure costs with other clients where it makes sense, adding up to real cost savings.
So when it’s impossible to grow locally within your own data center, you can extend into the cloud instead. Many organizations choose a hybrid cloud approach specifically to keep sensitive data private while gaining public cloud flexibility elsewhere.
Different hybrid cloud models exist depending on how much you split between environments. Hybrid cloud security needs more planning than a single model alone, since data and traffic move between a private cloud and a public cloud provider’s network.
Done well, a hybrid cloud strategy also helps maintain business continuity: if one environment has an outage, workloads can often fail over to the other, supporting disaster recovery goals. Government organizations are common examples of hybrid cloud users — they tend to use private cloud to store sensitive data, and public cloud to share information with the public.
In our analogy, hybrid cloud is the equivalent of an Uber — you don’t own the car, but for the length of the ride, it’s yours alone.
If your hybrid cloud strategy depends on fast, reliable links between environments, EdgeUno’s Cloud Connect is built for exactly that kind of connectivity.
Perguntas Frequentes
What is the difference between public, private, and hybrid cloud?
Public cloud uses infrastructure shared across multiple organizations and managed by a provider like AWS, Azure, or Google Cloud. Private cloud uses dedicated infrastructure reserved for a single organization, either on-premises or hosted by a third party. Hybrid cloud combines both, keeping some data or workloads private while using public cloud for the rest.
Which cloud model is the most cost-effective?
Public cloud is generally the most cost-effective, since it runs on pay-as-you-go pricing without requiring hardware ownership. Private cloud costs more due to dedicated infrastructure and staffing. Hybrid cloud can lower costs by sharing some infrastructure publicly while keeping only what’s necessary private.
Is public cloud secure enough for business use?
Yes, most of the time. Even though public cloud shares physical infrastructure across users, each organization’s data is kept in an isolated environment that other users cannot access, with privacy settings that can be customized within the provider’s framework.
When should a business use private cloud instead of public cloud?
Businesses with sensitive data or strict compliance requirements should use private cloud, since it offers dedicated infrastructure and full control over security policy — something public cloud’s shared, multi-tenant model doesn’t provide.
Why do organizations choose hybrid cloud?
Organizations choose hybrid cloud to keep sensitive data private while gaining the flexibility, scalability, and cost savings of public cloud for other workloads, often improving disaster recovery through failover between environments.
Choosing the Right Cloud Deployment for Your Business
Every company is different and has different business operations and needs. Before implementing any cloud solution, you need to understand your organization’s current status and what you expect from the services you’re offering — to your users, or internally within your company.
By 2024, Gartner projected that 75% of the world’s population would have its personal data covered under modern privacy regulations. That’s one more reason to weigh where sensitive data lives before choosing between a public cloud provider and a private cloud model.
The key benefits of each cloud model come down to a tradeoff: public cloud tends to win on cost efficiency and speed, while private cloud wins on control and compliance. Hybrid cloud exists precisely to let you capture cost savings on one side without giving up dedicated infrastructure on the other.
EdgeUno offers cloud by design as a service. Through guidance and advice, we help you develop the best cloud deployment for each project, based on your unique needs and business goals. Whether that means public cloud services, a private cloud setup, or a hybrid cloud approach, our team works alongside you to architect the right-sized solution — with more than 50 Tier III and Tier IV data centers across Latin America, the USA, and Europe, and delivery times under 15ms.
If you want to know more about the types of cloud and the most cost-effective solution for your project, talk to an expert — we’ll be happy to help. Or get started with EdgeUno Cloud directly from our self-service portal.
